Letter Writing

Two Types of Letters

Formal Letters

Written to people you don't know well, or in a professional context: complaints, job applications, official requests.

Informal Letters

Written to friends and family: personal updates, thank-you notes, invitations.

Formal Letter Layout

[Your address]
[Date]

[Recipient's name and address]

Dear Mr/Ms [Surname],    ← if you know the name
Dear Sir or Madam,       ← if you don't know the name

[Introduction — state your purpose clearly]

[Body — provide details, explanation, or request]

[Conclusion — state what action you expect or next steps]

Yours sincerely,    ← if you used Dear [Name]
Yours faithfully,   ← if you used Dear Sir or Madam

[Your signature]
[Your printed name]

Language in Formal Letters

• Use polite, professional language throughout.
• Avoid contractions (I am not I'm) and slang.
• Be clear and concise — state your purpose in the first paragraph.
• Use a measured tone even in complaint letters.

Informal Letter Layout

Your address and date still appear, but the tone is casual:

• Start with Dear [First name],
• Use natural, conversational language
• End with Best wishes / Love / Take care,

Emails

Emails follow similar principles:

• Subject line — clear and specific
• Formal emails → formal language and greeting
• Informal emails → more casual, but still organised and clear